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The tattoo machine is essentially an electromagnet powered by a power supply. An artist will dip the needles into a small disposable cap filled with ink. The needles are soldered to a bar which is attached to the electromagnet.
When power is applied to the magnet-bar combo, the needles vibrate together up and down thousands of times per minute. As the needles make holes in the skin, the ink is injected under the skin, between the permanent bottom layer and the surface layer.
The tattooing technique of putting the ink at the right depth is very important. If the needles penetrate too deeply, the ink will get mixed with body fluid and may cause the color to spread. If it is not placed deep enough, the tattoo will fade and come out prematurely as skin is shed and renewed.
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This site was last updated 10/20/08